Norfolk Island was a penal colony for the British colony of New South Wales during the periods 1788–1814 and 1825–1855 In 1856 it was settled by former inhabitants of the second largest of the Pitcairn Islands The Pitcairn Islanders were descendants of Fletcher Christian and Bounty mutineers, together with Tahitian women Pitcairn Island was unable to support 200 inhabitants, and Queen Victoria offered them Norfolk Island
Permanent residents of Norfolk Island are still almost entirely descendants of these Pitcairn Islanders; other Australian citizens cannot move to Norfolk Island freely The permanent population of the island is about 2000 people
The official language of Norfolk Island is English and all the islanders speak it However, among themselves they often use Norfolk, a language derived from the English spoken by the Bounty Mutineers and the Tahitian spoken by their wives Norfolk is not readily comprehensible by speakers of any variety of English, including Australian or British English
Niue is dotted with many caves and limestone arches There are alot of 'sea tracks' that lead from the road to the coast Wandering down one and seeing what you find at the end is a lot of fun
Dolphins and whales can be seen off the coast
At low tide, the coastline around here is full of tiny little private 'beaches', little sandy coves varying from 5 to 15 metres long! Lie down and sunbathe, or explore the numerous reef pools Do be careful to leave well before the tide returns over the outer sea wall, and do take water, sturdy footwear, and some food
There are many activities to do in Niue All you need to do is adventure out Have a keen and energetic attitude towards everything Be positive and able to try anything and everythin that comes to offer in Niue, so you are able to uncover the interesting facts and interest that Niue can offer
These are just some of the activities, as the rest you must uncover yourself as there is more to it, with self discovery Kayaking, fishing, diving Niue Dive offers PADI certified dives, golf, cycling, etc Niue is different to all the other Pacific islands in the sense that there are no beaches Go spelunking in one of the many caves around the island
If your wanting to play a bit of touch, what better way to do it, by versing the locals About every village has a green and most evenings the residents come out and play a friendly game of touch So if you feel like mingling and playing abit of sports, just ask around and Im sure you will find a game
Snorkelling is an alternative to diving The Utuko Reef in Alofi and the reef pools at Hio Beach are excellent for beginners Further north from Hio there's a pair of giant natural pools at Matapa that are best at low tide Around the island there are places to snorkel outside the reef but should only be attempted by confident swimmers; in any case, seek local advice and check water conditions before venturing off on your own To be completely safe, go with a partner or take a tour Niue Dive operates snorkelling trips to sites around the island, including Snake Gully You can also snorkel and swim with spinner dolphins April to December and humpback whales June to October
Fishing trips are run by Nu Tours 4hr trips $280 for one or two people Fish with Fishaway Charters 4hr trips $250 and you can personally barbecue your catch at the Washaway Cafe Contact Willy Saniteli for info Of course it's also possible to fish on your own, but remember that fishing is prohibited on Sundays
Norfolk Island's currency is the Australian dollar, and the currency symbol is $ Norfolk Island is not subject to Australian taxation
See Australia for more on the Australian dollar
As a result of the lack of many taxes and duties, Norfolk Island has acquired a reputation as a "shopper's paradise" The main and only street of Burnt Pine is lined on both sides with shops selling everything from clothes to toys to books, and shop assistants will always be forthcoming about exactly how much you stand to save over "mainland prices" both Australian and New Zealand prices
A number of shops are described as "department stores", which can seem rather quaint to visitors from big cities, as these shops are often no larger than the others The difference lies in the slightly wider range of merchandise available One of the true delights of shopping on Norfolk Island is that in many shops you simply have no idea what will be for sale
On Sunday mornings, an open-air market is held in the carpark of the post office Prices are comparable to those found in the shops, but some retailers choose only to sell at the market
Locally produced items are beginning to form a reasonable sector of Norfolk Island's retail market, with homemade preserves being a particular specialty Additionally, the ubiquitous Norfolk Island Pine not really a pine at all is to be found in keyrings, magnets and other trinkets Pine products are normally quite safe to import to Australia or New Zealand, but always make it known to the seller where you're intending to take the product you've just bought, since it never hurts to be sure
The distinctive Norfolk language is also the source of some retail value, with books being written on the structure and vocabulary, as well as audio CDs of songs written in Norfolk Many books are shamelessly pitched at the wide-eyed or wide-eared tourist, but the work containing the most scholarship on the language itself is Speak Norfolk Today, by Alice Inez Buffett
There is also a wide range of fictional and non-fictional books on Norfolk and the South Pacific in general available at most shops The island's bookshop is The Golden Orb, which contains a section devoted to Norfolk and South Pacific literature
Be aware that most shops are closed on Wednesday afternoons and also that those operated by Seventh Day Adventists are closed all day Saturday and Sunday
Norfolk Island, unsurprisingly, is famous for its seafood, which is generally caught fresh by most of the restaurants on the island The local trumpeter is a particular delicacy
There is a wide range of other food available on the island, including both Italian and Chinese cuisine with plans afoot for an Indian restaurant to open shortly
Local specialities also exist and are generally based on traditional Polynesian dishes While some of these are served in the restaurants, tourists are often recommended to try a local progressive dinner at the homes of various islanders in order to experience most of these dishes
Restaurant bookings can be made by telephone or by writing your name in the book generally located at the front door of the establishment
Be aware that most restaurants are closed at least one night per week
Special Dietary Requirements: Vegetarians can generally find palatable food at most restaurants, but are not specifically catered for anywhere Vegans are not catered for anywhere Kosher and Halal meals will be impossible to find, as there is no Jewish or Muslim presence on the island Travellers with food allergies may be catered for at some restaurants, but this is not guaranteed
The local Distillery, Norfolk Island Liquors P/L, is found on Cascade Road and produces various liqueurs and spirits Free sampling is available Monday,Tuesday,Thursday and Friday from 200pm - 500pm Also on the same premises is Cascade Soft Drinks, who manufacture produce a range of traditional soft drinks with old fashioned flavours, ranging from orange and lime flavours to pineapple and plum cola varieties
There is also a Brewery on Norfolk Island which is located opposite the International Airport, where award winning beers are produced in a traditional way
Although there is a 'Winery' on the island, it is currently importing wines from New South Wales under the 'Two Chimney's wine'label whilst it is developing its vines for manufacture
As the island's economy is based around tourism, there are myriad options for accommodation, ranging from basic one- or two-person rooms through to resort-style establishments with restaurants attached hosting seafood buffets The commercial hub of the island, Burnt Pine, has a number of well-situated guesthouses central to most shops, while accommodation elsewhere is designed to capitalize on views and proximity to nature
It is relatively easy to live and work on Norfolk Island, although you do have to adhere to some strict entry guidelines 13